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Winter Activities


Beyond some obvious subsistence and household maintenance activities, it is difficult to speculate about what Mississippian households did with their time during the winter. Nevertheless, the need for heat and meat protein allow for some reasonable inferences. Faunal remains of beaver, muskrat, and turkey testify that hunting and trapping continued through the winter. Firewood gathering probably was a more necessary activity in winter than in other times of the year.

Stored maize apparently was the winter dietary staple. Kernels were ground or boiled and mixed with other stored seeds and fresh fish and game for porridge-like meals prepared in ceramic pots hanging over open fires. It seems likely that Missisippians ate their meals from bowls, or long since destroyed wooden platters using mussel shell spoons, and chert flakes as utensils.

Cahokia-cordmarked cooking vessel


Drilled deer phalanges, perhaps parts to a
cup & pin like toy.

Diversity of faunal remains.



Also, it seems reasonable to believe that much winter time was spent maintaining garments, manufacturing ornaments, story-telling, and socializing. Gambling and chunkey stone games undoubtedly occupied some time as well.


Rolling plant fibers between palm and knee to make a cord.


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