Material Classification of Projectile Points Found in Caches at Mound 72, Cahokia. After Ahler in press Appendix E2.

Material Type

Description

Source

Reference

A

Opaque white chert with rare pale discolorations of red or green. Luster dull to vitreous. Few visible fossils or inclusions.

Local, similar to Crescent Hills chert (Missouri)

Ives, 1975

B

Opaque dark-brown chert with lenticular mottling and irregularly shaped inclusions. Few fossils. Dull luster.

Nonlocal, similar to Dover chert (Tennessee)

Pers. ident.

C

Opaque lightly mottled gray-and-white or red-and-white chert. Mottling due to fossiliferous inclusions. Red color may be from heat treatment. Luster dull to vitreous.

Nonlocal, similar to Flint Ridge chert (Ohio)

J. Porter

pers. comm.

D

Opaque tan chert. Similar to jasper. Waxy luster. Few fossils or inclusions.

Unknown

 

E

Opaque light greyish-white chert. Occasional brown mottling. Dull luster. No fossils or inclusions.

Unknown

 

F

Translucent chert. Color varies from white to brown, often with large streaks of red. Occasional inclusions, no fossils. Luster varies from dull to vitreous.

Local, similar to Illinois Kaolin chert

Parmalee & Harman 1945

G

Opaque grey-and-white-speckled chert with occasional thin red band of inclusion. No fossils. Luster varies from dull to vitreous.

Unknown

 

H

Opaque white, grey-white, or tan chert with occasional mottling or thin tan band. Few inclusions or fossils. Dull luster.

Unknown, may be variant of Illinois Kaolin chert

 

J

Opaque red-and-brown-speckled chert, fading into light grey unspeckled chert. Red or brown speckling may be due to heat treatment. No inclusions. ? fossils. Dull luster.

Unknown

 

K

Opaque grey chert with some very small black speckles. Occasional red cortex shows. No fossils or inclusions. Waxy luster.

Unknown

 

L

Opaque black or very dark grey chert. No fossils or inclusions. Vitreous luster.

Nonlocal, similar to chert from E. Oklahoma

Fowler,

pers. comm.

M

Opaque greyish-tan silicified sandstone. Granular appearance. Luster is vitreous but also glitters. No inclusions or fossils.

Hixton silicified sandstone (Wisconsin)

Porter,

pers. comm.

N

Translucent chalcedony-like brown material. No fossils or inclusions. Dull luster.

Unknown, similar to chalcedony and thus is probably nonlocal

 

Fowler, M.L., J. Rose, B. Vander Leest, and S.R. Ahler in press. The Mound 72 Area: Dedicated and Sacred Space in Early Cahokia. Illinois State Museum Reports of Investigation, No. 54. Illinois State Museum, Springfield, IL.