Fowler et al. in press. Appendix E1. Types, Varieties, and their Definitions, for Caches 1550, 1551, and 1970
|
Type |
Variety |
Definition (significata) |
|
I |
A |
Morphology – Unserrated; tri-notched; blade shape primarily triangular but can be slightly incurvate or excurvate; base shape primarily straight but can be sub-convex or sub-concave Material–white chert, similar to Crescent Hills chert from E. Missouri (material type A)* |
|
I |
B |
Morphology – same as type I-A, except blades and sides of base Material – same as type I-A |
|
I |
C |
Morphology – same as type I-A, but points tend to be slightly longer Material – brown chert with dark grey lenticular inclusions; similar to Dover chert of W. Tennessee and Kentucky (material type B) |
|
I |
D |
Morphology – unserrated; tri-notched; triangular blade; concave base. Wider than types I-A or I-C Material – red mottled chert with many fossiliferous inclusions; similar to Flint Ridge flint from Ohio |
|
I |
E |
Morphology – serrations on part of one edge of blade only; tri-notched; triangular blade; base straight or sub convex. Points are narrower than other type I varieties (material Type A) |
|
II |
A |
Morphology – unserrated; tri-notched; excurvate blade; straight or sub-convex base. All are thick (4 mm) Material – varies, some similar to material types A, some is dull gray/white chert, some is high-luster pink chert |
|
III |
A |
Morphology – unserrated; stemmed; blade ovate-parallel; base missing. Also has flaring barbs Material – yellowish-tan jasperlike material (material type D) |
|
IV |
A |
Morphology – unserrated; stemmed; blade ovate-expanding; base straight or sub-convex Material – dull light-grey chert with few inclusions (material type E) |
|
V |
A |
Morphology – unserrated; stemmed; blade incurvate-excurvate; base sub-concave to sub-convex. Barbed Material – pink speckled chert or grey chert. Possibly oolitic (material type J) |
|
V |
B |
Morphology – same as Type V-A, except has fine serrations Material – same as type V-A (material type J) |
|
VI |
A |
Morphology – unserrated; unnotched; blade straight or incurvate; base straight or concave Material – dull grey-white chert with occasional brown stain (material type E) |
|
VI |
B |
Morphology – same as type VI-A, but side-notched Material – same as type VI-A (material type E) |
|
VII |
A |
Morphology – serrated; unnotched; blade ovate or triangular; base straight to sub-convex Material – light grey speckled chert, occasional thin red band of inclusions ( type G) |
|
VII |
B |
Morphology – same as type VII-A, but blade is longer Material – generally the same as type VII-A, but exception do occur (material type G) |
|
VII |
C |
Morphology – same as type VII-A Material – predominantly brown to grey translucent fine-grained chert, similar to Illinois Kaolin chert (material type F), but material type G also occurs. In 1970 cache material is white/grey/tan chert with mottling and occasional tan band: may be variety of Illinois Kaolin chert (material type H) |
|
VII |
D |
Morphology – same as VII-A, but points are long: 52—64 mm Material – grey/white dull chert with occasional brown mottling (material type E) |
|
VII |
E |
Morphology – same as type VII-A, but points are very long: 6—-71 mm Material – Illinois Kaolin chert (material type F) |
|
VII |
F |
Morphology – unserrated; side-notched; blade ovate or triangular; base sub-convex Material – varies: some is Illinois Kaolin, some is other translucent chert |
|
VIII |
A |
Morphology – serrated; tri-notched; blade triangular or ovate; base sub-convex Material – dull grey-white chert with few inclusions (material type E) |
|
VIII |
B |
Morphology – same as type VIII-A Material – Illinois Kaolin chert (material type F) |
|
IX |
A |
Morphology – serrated; side-notched; triangular blade; base straight to sub-convex to sub-concave Material – medium grey chert with occasional very small black speckles; occasionally reddened at ends; no fossils or inclusions (material type K) |
|
IX |
B |
Morphology – serrated; side-notched; triangular blade; straight or sub-convex base Material – similar to grey speckled chert, but lacks red band inclusion (material type G) |
|
X |
A |
Morphology – serrated; stemmed; blades incurvate to triangular; base straight, convex or bivectoral. Barbed Material – black or very dark grey chert without inclusions or fossils; similar to black chert found in Oklahoma (material type L) |
|
XI |
A |
Morphology – serrated all around edges; tri-notched; blade incurvate-excurvate to ovate; base concave Material – similar to Crescent Hills chert (material type A) |
|
XI |
B |
Morphology – serrations on sides of base and sides of blade; tri-notched; blade incurvate-excurvate; base straight to sub-concave to sub-convex Material – Crescent Hills chert (material type A) |
|
XI |
C |
Morphology – serrations on side of base only; tri-notched; blade incurvate-excurvate; base concave to straight to convex |
|
Material – similar to Crescent Hills chert (material type A), but about half appears to be heat treated as evidenced by a pink cast to the material |
||
|
XI |
D |
Morphology – serrated on sides of base and sides of blade; tri-notched; blade incurvate-excurvate; base straight or sub-concave. Points are very thin Material – Crescent Hills chert (material type A) |
|
XI |
E |
Morphology – serrated on sides of base only; tri-notched incurvate-excurvate blade; base straight to sub-concave Material – Hixton silicified sandstone (material type M) |
|
XI |
F |
Morphology – serrations on sides of base and sides of blade, but extent of serration varies; tri-notched or side notched; blade incurvate-excurvate; base concave Material – brown translucent chalcedony (material type N) |
There are also finer spatial groupings of points which were included in the above described types and varieties. These finer groupings are often based upon slight morphological or material differences:
1) Cache 1551, type I-B has two spatially distinct groups which differ very slightly in total length and total width
2) Cache 1970, type I-A has two groups of points which differ in a way similar to those of Cache 1551, type I-B, but locational data are lacking
3) Cache 1970, type VII-C has points which differ in the length only, and divide into two groups
4) Cache 1970, type VII-D has two groups which differ only in length
5) Cache 1551, type XI-C consists of two groups of points which are somewhat separated spatially, and differ with respect to the material used. All material used appears to be Crescent Hills-like material, but one group has a pink color indicative of heat treatment.
These groupings of similar points, which differ only in very slight morphological aspects, indicate that there were at least two different manufacturers of the points in the caches. Since a detailed analysis of chipping patterns was not performed, the possibility exists of the presence of more than two makers. For the present time, it is evident that at least two different people made the points in these caches. If points that were already manufactured were imported, then many more than two people were producing the points.
Fowler, M.L., J. Rose, B. Vander Leest, and S.R. Ahler in press. The Mound 72 Area: Dedicated and Sacred Space in Early Cahokia. Illinois State Museum Reports of Investigation, No. 54. Illinois State Museum, Springfield, IL.