In Illinois, it is present in marshes in the northern parts of the state, along the major rivers and streams and ponds in the state, and in the bald cypress swamps in the southern section of the state. In the Cache River State Natural Area, swamp rose typically grows on exposed logs or even cypress knees in the swamp, taking advantage of the firm substrate.

Interesting Facts
Swamp rose prefers moist, acidic habitats. It prefers bogs, wet conifer swamps, and the edges of ponds and lakes. It is a hardy rose, and it is a favorite ornamental for low, moist, acidic spots. The cultivar (hybrid developed for cultivation) Rosa palustris scandens is a popular rose for the garden. Whereas the native Rosa palustris (swamp rose) has single blooms, the cultivar has double flowers.

Swamp rose blooms in June through July and is very fragrant. It is insect pollinated, and the fleshy fruits (hips) enclose and protect the developing seeds. Birds eat the fruits and disseminate the seed.

Identifying Features

Bark
Swamp rose has stout, curved thorns, approximately 1/4 inch long, with a flattened base.
Leaves
The leaves are pinnately compound and the leaflets (usually 7) are oval-lance-shaped, with finely toothed edges. They are smooth on the surface and slightly hairy along the midrib underneath. 
Flowers
The flowers are very fragrant. They are solitary and pink, and bloom in June-July. 
Fruits
The fleshy fruits (hips) are red, up to 1/2 inch thick, and may be either smooth or covered with minute hairs.